Grade 12 Bio – Enzyme Lab

Enzyme Lab Purpose To compare the action of the enzyme catalase, to a non-protein atom smasher under different conditions. Observations Observations Rate of reply Interpretations A Sand - Sand piled up at the bottom of 0 - There is no reaction between sand and the test tube and no bubbles total heat peroxide, because sand does arose non contain any catalysts or enzymes to break down hydrogen peroxide MnO2 - reply occurred right away, 5 - MnO2 acts like a catalyst which bubbles rose almost to the top of breaks down H2O2 into water and oxygen the tube gas with a lower activation energy B Liver - Reaction occurred right away, 4 - Liver contains large amounts of the and big, white bubbles rose the enzyme catalase, which break down H2O2. top of the test tube This made the reaction occur speedily and form bubbles. Potato - Very little bubbles appeared 2 - The reaction was real moderate and from the reaction, and did not did ot occur quickly because potato rise very naughty in the tube or does not have a lot of the enzyme occur quickly catalase C Used colored + Fresh colored - nigh bubbles create and the 3 - The reaction should have had a higher reaction was moderate rate of reaction, because the enzymes in the used liver are still sprightly and can be used in the reaction again. The fresh liver can also perform this reaction with its catalase enzyme. Due to an error or impurity of equipment, the reaction was not as strong. Used liver + H2O2 - Reaction occurred quickly and a4 - The enzyme in the liver is still lot of big bubbles formed and spry and can be used over again, rose to the top of the test tube because enzymes never get used up D mortified Liver -Reaction happened immediately, 5 - Liver contains a large amount of and a lot of bubbling occurred catalase enzyme, which breaks down H2O2 for a while with large, white very quickly. Since the liver is bubbles, and rose to the top of crushed, this reaction occurred even the test tube faster because in that location is a bigger surface area of the liver for the H2O2 to react with. humble Potato - Very few bubbles that were 3 - Since the potato is crushed, there is small formed and they did not more surface area for the H2O2 to react rise very high in the test tube with, but potato does not contain any enzymes to break down H2O2, so this reaction was moderate and did not occur quickly. E Boiled Liver No bubbles rose to the top of 1 - No reaction and bubbles formed, the test tube, and a light, white because the boiling of the liver caused cover formed on top of the liver denaturing of the proteins, and with very little, small bubbles denatured catalase proteins can not function Liver at 37( C - Reaction occurred quickly and 5 - This reaction occurred and formed large, white bubbles formed and large bubbles that rose t o the top elevated up the test tube because the liver is 37( C, which is public human body temperature.Catalase operates and breaks down H2O2 best at this temperature. Liver at 0( C - No bubbles formed or rose to 0 - No reaction occurred when the liver the top of the test tube. No was at 0(C because this condition is reaction occurred. too cold for the catalase enzymes to function.Enzyme operation slows down at any temperature below 37( C, and it is the dilatory at 0 degrees. Almost no enzyme activity occurs. Questions 1. The differences in the rates were mainly because of the different temperatures of the liver, the different particle sizes of the liver and potato, and the product used with H2O2 in the reaction. The reactions that had the fastest rates had liver as the product used in the reaction with hydrogen peroxide.Also, reactions that had liver at normal body temperature (37( C), and had a larger particle size for larger surf ace area had fast rates of reaction. 2. H2O2 breaks down when other catalysts that can be oxidized by it are present. Because H2O2 is an cranky molecule, some inorganic substances like MnO2 can be oxidized by it, and they release oxygen gas in the reaction. 3. Temperature affects the rate of enzyme action very much. At low temperatures, the enzyme activity is very slow, because the molecules have low kinetic energy and fewer collisions occur between them. This is proven in part E of the lab, where there was no reaction and enzyme activity when the liver was 0( C.At high temperatures, the enzyme activity increases because the molecules have higher kinetic energy and more collisions occur. However, the maximum temperature the enzyme will stay active until is about 40( C. After the temperature reaches higher than 40( C, the protein enzyme will start to denature and slow down. Particle size also affects the rate of enzyme action. Smaller particles allow the rate of enzyme activity to b e very high, because there is a larger surface area for the enzyme to react with and break down. This is proven in part D of the lab, where there was a very fast and active reaction with crushed liver and hydrogen peroxide. The large surface area of the crushed liver allows more space for the enzymes to forge on and break down hydrogen peroxide. 4.No, the results would not be different if dog liver was used for this investigation. This is because the catalase enzyme will stay active as the temperature increases, up to about 40( C. If the liver is higher than 40 degrees, the enzyme will denature and not work. Since dog liver is exactly 40( C, the results will be the same, because the enzyme will work at a temperature of 40( C, but not any higher. In conclusion, this lab helped consolidate the understanding of how enzymes work, and how temperature and particle size affects the rate of enzyme activity. This activity was an interactive way to feel how the enzymes actually function, th rough liver and potato. SBI 4U0-B